Long-term interleukin-4 release from 3D printable affinity hydrogels promotes M2-like macrophage polarisation <i>in vitro</i>.

ABSTRACT: The biopharmaceutical industry for engineered protein drugs is rapidly increasing in size but there is a lack of controlled release vehicles to enable targeted delivery for regenerative medicine applications. In this study, we used photocrosslinkable 3-sulfopropyl acrylate potassium salt (SPAK)-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels to achieve controlled release of lysozyme for 70 days with zero-order release and tuneable release rate. Scaling down hydrogel volume and protein loading concentration to release Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) resulted in low cumulative release, even without SPAK. Increasing PEGDA molecular weight from 4 kDa to 20 kDa improved TGF-β1 release but it still remained below 10% after 10 days. We observed sustained IL-

SUBMITTER: Loxley GA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11951857 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature