Evaluation of global distribution, genetic evolution, and mammalian infectivity and pathogenicity of H13 and H16 avian influenza viruses.

ABSTRACT: H13 and H16 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) typically infect Charadriiformes, are widely distributed throughout coastal regions worldwide, and pose a risk of spill-over to mammals. Systematic research on the epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and biological characteristics of these subtypes remains limited. To address this gap, we analyzed 20 years of wild bird influenza surveillance data from China integrated with global influenza database information to reconstruct the global spatiotemporal distribution, transmission dynamics and public health implications of H13 and H16. During influenza surveillance, 28 H13 and 19 H16 viruses were isolated. The phylogenetic trees for the H13 and H16 viruses revealed that both subtypes could be classified into three distinct groups. Viru

SUBMITTER: Li X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11956110 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature