Retinoic acid signaling guides the efficiency of inner ear organoid-genesis and governs sensory-nonsensory fate specification.

ABSTRACT: Inner ear organoid development-from germ layer to otocyst formation-relies on timed chemical cues to recapitulate major signals in vivo. In contrast, later stages of differentiation-from otic vesicle (OV) to organoid formation-are self-guided, even though these stages are modulated by several key morphogens in vivo. We sought to elucidate additional morphogens that might improve culture efficiency and influence cell fate decisions. Using a whole-transcriptomic approach, we identified major differences in native and stem cell-derived OVs related to anterior-posterior patterning and retinoic acid (RA) signaling. Increasing the level of RA during OV formation in these cultures modulated organoid efficiency, increased nonsensory markers, decreased sensory markers, and decreased h

SUBMITTER: Duncan RK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11957153 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature