Extracellular vesicle GABA responds to cadmium stress, and GAD overexpression alleviates cadmium damage in duckweed.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Cadmium (Cd) pollution lead to ecological problems and cause severe damages to plants. Investigating the signal response to Cd is crucial for improving Cd resistance during phytoremediation. While γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is known to accumulate rapidly under environmental stress, the real-time dynamics of GABA signaling and its mechanistic link to stress adaptation remain poorly understood.

Methods

In this study, a sensitive GABA biosensor, iGABASnFR, was introduced into plants for the first time to monitor GABA signaling. Additionally, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), a key enzyme catalyzing the conversion of glutamate (Glu) to GABA, was overexpressed in duckweed. The responses of GABA in extracellular vesicles (EVs) under Cd stress were analyzed using iGABASnF

SUBMITTER: Sun Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11959025 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature