Potential for bird-insect phenological mismatch in a tri-trophic system.

ABSTRACT: Climate change is altering the seasonal timing of biological events across the tree of life. Phenological asynchrony has the potential to hasten population declines and disrupt ecosystem function. However, we lack broad comparisons of the degree of sensitivity to common phenological cues across multiple trophic levels. Overcoming the complexity of integrating data across trophic levels is essential for identifying spatial locations and species for which mismatches are most likely to occur. Here, we synthesized over 15 years of data across three trophic levels to estimate the timing of four interacting phenological events in eastern North America: the green-up of forest canopy trees, emergence of adult Lepidoptera and arrival and subsequent breeding of migratory birds. We next quantified th

SUBMITTER: Belitz MW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11962238 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature