PD-1 suppression enhances HIV reactivation and T-cell immunity via MAPK/NF-κB signaling.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a key immune checkpoint involved in HIV-related immune escape, but its precise role and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates the effects of PD-1 inhibition on HIV infection and T-cell function, focusing on the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Methods

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from HIV-infected individuals and healthy controls. T-cell subsets were analyzed for PD-1 expression via flow cytometry. The impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on T-cell numbers, apoptosis, and PD-1 expression was assessed. PD-1 blockade was performed using pembrolizumab, and its effects on T-cell survival and cytokine secretion were evaluated. MAPK/NF-κB signaling was analyzed using Wester

SUBMITTER: Lin X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11969704 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature