Are There Sex Differences in Interactive Associations of Environmental Exposure to Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), and Manganese (Mn) with GST Genes (<i>GSTP1</i>, <i>GSTT1</i>, and <i>GSTM1</i>) in Relation to ASD in Jamaican Children?

ABSTRACT:

Background

Male preponderance is well-established in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes play a crucial role in suppressing oxidative stress triggered by environmental stressors.

Objective

To determine whether the association between metals and ASD differs by sex and by GST genes.

Methods

Using data from 344 pairs of sex-and age-matched cases and controls, we assessed the association of each metal with ASD or ASD severity, by applying conditional logistic regression (CLR) or general linear models (GLM). Sex was assessed as an effect modifier in separate GST genetic models.

Results

For Pb exposure, using a recessive model for the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism, CLR revealed significant overall interaction betw

SUBMITTER: Zwiya HT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11970619 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature