Bipolar disorder at mixed states and major depressive disorder with mixed features differ in peripheral biochemical parameters.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Little is known about the peripheral biochemicals between bipolar disorder at mixed episodes (BDM) and major depressive disorder with mixed features (MDM). This retrospective study was aimed to compare the peripheral biochemical parameters between patients with BDM and MDM.

Methods

This study included data from 269 BDM patients and 86 MDM patients. Biochemical markers covering immune-inflammatory, liver function, metabolic, and thyroid hormone indices were analyzed. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate associations between biochemical markers and diagnosis. Network analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was also performed to investigate the relationships among these parameters.

Results

BDM patients had higher neutrophil percentage (

SUBMITTER: Wu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11987313 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature