Mn₃O₄ Nanocrystal-Induced Eryptosis Features Ca²⁺ Overload, ROS and RNS Accumulation, Calpain Activation, Recruitment of Caspases, and Changes in the Lipid Order of Cell Membranes.

ABSTRACT: Accumulating evidence suggests that manganese oxide nanoparticles (NPs) show multiple enzyme-mimicking antioxidant activities, which supports their potential in redox-targeting therapeutic strategies for diseases with impaired redox signaling. However, the systemic administration of any NP requires thorough hemocompatibility testing. In this study, we assessed the hemocompatibility of synthesized Mn₃O₄ NPs, identifying their ability to induce spontaneous hemolysis and eryptosis or impair osmotic fragility. Concentrations of up to 20 mg/L were found to be safe for erythrocytes. Eryptosis assays were shown to be more sensitive than hemolysis and osmotic fragility as markers of hemocompatibility for Mn₃O₄ NP testing. Flow cytometry- and confocal mic

SUBMITTER: Kot Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11989249 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature