The Association Between Lifestyle Interventions and Trimethylamine N-Oxide: A Systematic-Narrative Hybrid Literature Review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut- and food-derived molecule. Elevated TMAO concentrations have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, highlighting its significance as a potential biomarker for adverse health outcomes. Given these associations, it is hypothesized that lifestyle interventions, such as healthy dietary patterns and exercise, could reduce TMAO concentrations. The aim of this systematic-narrative hybrid literature review was to evaluate the relationship between various lifestyle interventions and TMAO.

Methods

MEDLINE (via PubMed^®), Scopus^®, and grey literature were searched until July 2024 for eligible clinical trials. Case reports, case series, case studies and observ

SUBMITTER: Theodoridis X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11990624 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature