Green synthesis of CaO-Fe₃O₄ composites for photocatalytic degradation and adsorption of synthetic dyes.

ABSTRACT: The efficient removal of synthetic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG), continues to pose a significant challenge due to their high stability, toxicity, and resistance to conventional treatment methods. In this study, CaO-Fe₃O₄ compounds were synthesized using a sustainable ball-milling technique, utilizing calcium oxide derived from eggshells and Fe₃O₄. The compounds were calcined at temperatures ranging from 200 to 800 °C to optimize their structural and photocatalytic properties. The sample calcined at 400 °C exhibited the highest surface area (17.86 m²/g), the narrowest bandgap (2.10 eV), and the coexistence of CaO, Ca(OH)₂, and γ-Fe₂O₃ phases, making it an ideal candidate for achieving high dye removal efficiency. Under visible light, this sample comp

SUBMITTER: Reyes-Vallejo O 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11991969 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature