Sex-specific skeletal muscle gene expression responses to exercise reveal novel direct mediators of insulin sensitivity change.

ABSTRACT: Understanding how exercise improves whole-body insulin sensitivity (Si) involves complex molecular signaling. This study examines skeletal muscle gene expression changes related to Si, considering sex differences, exercise amount, and intensity to identify pharmacologic targets mimicking exercise benefits. Fifty-three participants from STRRIDE (Studies of Targeted Risk Reduction Interventions through Defined Exercise) I and II completed eight months of aerobic training. Gene expression was assessed via Affymetrix and Illumina technologies, and Si was measured using intravenous glucose tolerance tests. A novel discovery protocol integrating literature-derived and data-driven modeling identified causal pathways and direct transcriptional targets. In women, exercise amount primarily influence

SUBMITTER: Ma S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11992681 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature