Efficacy and safety of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for bipolar depression: a study protocol for a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Bipolar disorder has a long depressive episode and high risk of suicide. In clinical practice, patients often show no response to pharmacotherapy, which results in prolongation of the depressive episode. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive technique expected to serve as a treatment option for bipolar depression. For bipolar depression, a meta-analysis suggested that low-frequency stimulation to the right prefrontal cortex was possibly effective. However, a medium or large sample, randomized, double blind, sham controlled study has not yet been performed.

Objective

To examine the efficacy and safety of 1-Hz rTMS to the right prefrontal cortex in patients with treatment-resistant bipolar depression. rTMS was approved by the Minist

SUBMITTER: Noda T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11999845 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature