A chronopharmacological comparison of ciprofol and propofol: focus on sedation and side effects.

ABSTRACT: Propofol is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic in clinical practice, while ciprofol, a propofol derivative, also targets GABAA receptors with enhanced anesthetic potency. Regarding chronopharmacology, it remains unclear whether the new drug ciprofol has improved anesthetic effect and less side effects compared with propofol. First, we assessed the critical anesthetic dosage (D_ca) of ciprofol and propofol exhibited diurnal rhythmicity. At the highest D_ca, the loss of righting reflex duration was significantly longer for ciprofol than that for propofol at both Zeitgeber Time (ZT) 4 and ZT16. The β₃ subunits of the GABAA receptor, which are involved in mediating anesthetic effects, and the metabolizing enzyme UGT1A9 for propofol demonstrated rhythmic expre

SUBMITTER: Li X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11999936 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature