Impacts of revised smoke-free regulations under the 2020 Japan Health Promotion Act on cigarette smoking and heated tobacco product use in indoor public places and homes: findings from 2018 to 2021 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Japan Surveys.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In April 2020, Japan's revised Health Promotion Act (HPA) banned cigarette smoking and heated tobacco products (HTP) use in indoor public places but exempted small establishments and permitted smoking-designated/HTP-designated rooms. This pre-post study evaluated the effectiveness of the HPA.

Methods

Data were from waves 1 to 4 (2018-2021) of the International Tobacco Control Japan Surveys among a national cohort of adults who smoke cigarettes, use HTPs and do not use any tobacco products. The sample sizes in the respective surveys were 4615, 4222, 4387 and 4254. Multivariable logistic regression models employing generalised estimating equations estimated the prevalence of observed and self-reported indoor smoking/HTP use in key public venues (restaurants/cafés, b

SUBMITTER: Togawa K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12003691 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature