Disparate co-evolution and prevalence of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine resistance alleles and haplotypes at dhfr and dhps genes across Africa.

ABSTRACT: Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), despite emergence of mutations in dhfr and dhps genes associated with lower treatment efficacy, is still recommended for preventive malaria treatment. Therefore, it is important to understand the evolution of P. falciparum dhfr and dhps genes. We used the MalariaGEN Pf7 dataset to describe haplotype frequencies across 22 African countries, including changes over time in The Gambia, Mali, Ghana, and Kenya. We show that the triple mutant of dhfr, N51I/C59R/S108N, has remained the dominant haplotype across the continent with limited evidence of additional mutations. There is greater variation for dhps in terms of haplotype diversity and spatial heterogeneity of haplotypes found across Africa. Although samples from Madagascar have low genetic differentiation fro

SUBMITTER: White NFD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12006366 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature