Rotenone inhibited osteosarcoma metastasis by modulating ZO-2 expression and location via the ROS/Ca²⁺/AMPK pathway.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Pulmonary metastases in osteosarcoma (OS) are associated with a poor prognosis. Rotenone has shown anti-cancer activity. However, its effects on metastasis and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the potential use of Rotenone for OS treatment.

Methods

The effect of Rotenone and ROS/Ca²⁺/AMPK/ZO-2 pathway on metastasis and EMT was evaluated by Western blot, Transwell and Wound healing. Flow cytometer was employed to measure the intracellular Ros and Ca²⁺ levels. The subcellular location of ZO-2 was detected by IF, interaction between AMPK and ZO-2 were examined by Co-IP. Then, subcutaneous tumor and metastasis models were used to evaluate the function of Rotenone in OS metastasis.

Results

Rotenone-induced R

SUBMITTER: Ma X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12010658 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature