British Elbow and Shoulder Society patient care pathway: Frozen shoulder.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Current guidelines from the British Elbow and Shoulder Society (BESS) were published in 2015 for managing frozen shoulders in the primary and secondary care setting. Updated guidelines have been developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) methodology.

Methods

A multi-disciplinary BESS Working Group defined key management questions based on agreed outcome measures and time points. A literature search, conducted up to March 2023 following PRISMA guidelines, identified randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Quality assessments were performed using the GRADE Decision Framework, considering bias, imprecision, indirectness, and inconsistency. Data were extracted for meta-analysis. In the

SUBMITTER: Rupani N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12018368 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature