Environmental and Familial Risk Factors for Multiple Sclerosis: Insights from a Saudi Arabian Cohort.

ABSTRACT: Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune condition that impacts the central nervous system and has a rising incidence globally, especially in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This study examines environmental, lifestyle, and familial risk factors associated with MS in the Aljouf Region by a cross-sectional analysis of 155 clinically diagnosed MS patients. Data were gathered using structured questionnaires and medical record examinations to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics, sun exposure, smoking, obesity, eating habits, and childhood infections. Results: Logistic regression research found insufficient daily sun exposure (<15 min/day), smoking, obesity, and childhood measles infection as significant risk factors, but substan

SUBMITTER: Alruwaili M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12028895 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature