Exploring a Rare Association: Systematic Review of Hypercalcemia in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections.

ABSTRACT: Hypercalcemia represents a rare complication of nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) infections, particularly in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity. This systematic review examines NTM infections associated with hypercalcemia, including the presentation of a novel and illustrative case of Mycobacterium simiae. A meticulous literature search identified 24 cases relevant to this phenomenon (11 HIV-positive and 13 non-HIV), which were included in the analysis. Key clinical and laboratory findings reveal significant contrasts between HIV-positive and non-HIV patients. In the HIV-positive cohort, hypercalcemia is commonly developed after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) or treatment for NTM infections despite severe underlying immun

SUBMITTER: Cohen R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12029202 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature