Characterisation and Stabilisation Mechanisms of Azelaic Acid Nanosuspensions: Insights from a Dual Stabiliser System.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: This study investigates the stabilisation mechanisms of azelaic acid nanosuspensions (AZA-NS) prepared by wet media milling (WMM) using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and chitosan as stabilisers. The aim was to elucidate the physical interactions relevant for stabilisation and to evaluate the effectiveness of a dual stabiliser approach to improve AZA-NS stability. Methods: AZA-NS were characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to evaluate the chemical interactions, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for thermal properties, atomic force microscopy (AFM) to analyse the adsorption of the stabiliser on the AZA surface and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to evaluate the crystallinity. Contact angle and immersion studies were perfor

SUBMITTER: Miocic S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12030390 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature