Phytotoxicity of Zero-Valent Iron-Based Nanomaterials in Mung Beans: Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Experiments.

ABSTRACT: The extensive utilization of nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) and its engineered derivatives has prompted significant environmental concerns, particularly regarding their phytotoxicological impacts, which remain inadequately characterized. This investigation systematically evaluated the phytotoxicological responses induced by nZVI, Chlorella vulgaris biochar (BC), and Chlorella vulgaris biochar loaded with nano-zero-valent iron (BC/nZVI) on mung bean seed germination and subsequent seedling development. The experimental data revealed that both the nZVI and BC/nZVI treatments significantly suppressed the germination indices, including germination rate, radicle and plumule elongation, and biomass accumulation, with nZVI demonstrating the most pronounced inhibitory effects. During the vegetative

SUBMITTER: Wu H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12031036 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature