External stimulation induces the secretion of autophagosome-like vesicles by B cells.

ABSTRACT: Macroautophagy/autophagy is a cellular degradation and recycling process that supports cellular homeostasis. Since an autophagosome marker, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II, was found in cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), autophagy may cooperate with EV secretion pathways to control unconventional secretion of intracellular molecules. Several studies have demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of autophagic turnover and pathogen-induced endolysosomal dysfunction enhanced the secretion of autophagosome-like EVs (ALVs). However, whether external stimulation induces ALV secretion is unclear. Here we showed that co-stimulation with IL-4 and anti-CD40 antibody (IL-4:CD40) enhanced the secretion of LC3-II⁺ALVs compared to co-stimulation by IL-4

SUBMITTER: Kuan YD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12039400 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature