Antitumor CD4+ T Helper 1 Cells Target and Control the Outgrowth of Disseminated Cancer Cells.

ABSTRACT: Detection of disseminated cancer cells (DCC) in the bone marrow (BM) of patients with breast cancer is a critical predictor of late recurrence and distant metastasis. Conventional therapies often fail to completely eradicate DCCs in patients. In this study, we demonstrate that intratumoral priming of antitumor CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells was able to eliminate the DCC burden in distant organs and prevent overt metastasis, independent of CD8+ T cells. Intratumoral priming of tumor antigen-specific CD4+ Th1 cells enhanced their migration to the BM and distant metastatic site to selectively target DCC burden. The majority of these intratumorally activated CD4+ T cells were CD4+PD1- T cells, supporting their nonexhaustion stage. Phenotypic characterization revealed enhanced infiltration of memo

SUBMITTER: Ramamoorthi G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12046335 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature