Identification and characterization of tertiary lymphoid structures in brain metastases.

ABSTRACT: Brain metastases (BrM) are the most common cancers in the brain and linked to poor prognosis. Given the high incidence and often limited treatment options, understanding the complexity of the BrM tumor microenvironment is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. We performed transcriptome-wide gene expression profiling combined with spatial immune cell profiling to characterize the tumor immune microenvironment in 95 patients with BrM from different primary tumors. We found that BrM from lung carcinoma and malignant melanoma showed overall higher immune cell infiltration as compared to BrM from breast carcinoma. RNA sequencing-based immune cell deconvolution revealed gene expression signatures indicative of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in subsets of BrM, mostly fr

SUBMITTER: Mughal SS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12049775 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature