Scalability of spheroid-derived small extracellular vesicles production in stirred systems.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Small extracellular vesicle (sEV)-based therapies have gained widespread interest, but challenges persist to ensure standardization and high-scale production. Implementing upstream processes in a chemically defined media in stirred-tank bioreactors (STBr) is mandatory to closely control the cell environment, and to scale-up production, but it remains a significant challenge for anchorage-dependent cells.

Methods

We used a human β cell line, grown as monolayer or in suspension as spheroid in stirred systems. We assessed the consequences of culturing these cells in 3D with, or without fetal bovine serum in a chemically defined medium, for cell growth, viability and metabolism. We next explored how different scale-up strategies might influence cell and spheroid for

SUBMITTER: Dauphin T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12069995 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature