Mitigation of PFOA-Induced Developmental Toxicity in <i>Danio rerio</i> by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> var. <i>natto</i>: Focus on Growth and Ossification.

ABSTRACT: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent environmental contaminant that resists biological degradation and accumulates in organisms. It disrupts zebrafish embryo development, affecting their heartbeat rate and locomotion. Meanwhile, probiotics are known to enhance the development and ossification of zebrafish embryos. In this study, we examined the toxic effects of PFOA on growth and bone formation in zebrafish and the potential of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis var. natto to counteract its toxicity. Larvae were exposed to 0, 50, or 100 mg/L PFOA from hatching to 21 days post-fertilization (dpf), with or without dietary probiotic supplementation (10⁷ CFU/larva/day), and they were sampled at 7, 14, and 21 dpf. PFOA exposure reduced standard length at 21 dpf, w

SUBMITTER: Giommi C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12071895 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature