Phenotypic heterogeneity defines B cell responses to repeated SARS-CoV-2 exposures through vaccination and infection.

ABSTRACT: Long-lived humoral memory is key to durable immunity against pathogens yet remains challenging to define due to heterogeneity among antigen-reactive B cells. We addressed this gap through longitudinal sampling over the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccinations with or without breakthrough infection. High-dimensional phenotypic profiling performed on ∼72 million B cells showed that receptor-binding domain (RBD) reactivity was associated with five distinct immunoglobulin G (IgG) B cell populations. Two expressed the activation marker CD71, both correlated with neutralizing antibodies, yet the one lacking the memory marker CD27 was induced by vaccination and blunted by infection. Two were resting memory populations; one lacking CD73 arose early a

SUBMITTER: Kardava L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12080740 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature