Development and validation of a risk prediction model for diabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

ABSTRACT: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are the most common microvascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the occurrence of DR and DKD is not parallel. The aim of our study is to identify the risk factors for combining DKD in T2DM patients with pre-existing DR and construct a nomogram predictive model to identify high-risk patients with DR combined with DKD. We retrospectively reviewed 683 T2DM patients with DR from March 2017 to March 2023. The patients were divided into the DR group and the DR combined with DKD group. The hold-out method was used to randomly divide all subjects into a training set (70%) and a validation set (30%). Using multivariate logistic regression, we identified eight independent risk factors: fibrinogen (F

SUBMITTER: Yin M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12086070 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature