Nivolumab plus chemotherapy or ipilimumab in gastroesophageal cancer: exploratory biomarker analyses of a randomized phase 3 trial.

ABSTRACT: First-line nivolumab-plus-chemotherapy demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival versus chemotherapy for advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma with programmed death ligand 1 combined positive score ≥ 5, meeting both primary end points of the randomized phase 3 CheckMate 649 trial. Nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab provided durable responses and higher survival rates versus chemotherapy; however, the prespecified OS significance boundary was not met. To identify biomarkers predictive of differential efficacy outcomes, post hoc exploratory analyses were performed using whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing. Nivolumab-based therapies demonstrated improved efficacy versus chemotherapy in hypermutated and, to a lesser degree, Epstein-Barr virus-positive tumors com

SUBMITTER: Shitara K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12092258 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature