Engineered <i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i> expressing anti-PD-L1/IL-15 immunocytokine induces and activates specific antitumor immunity.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and cytokines have revolutionized tumor treatment but are still limited by dose-dependent toxicity and efficacy. In situ vaccine platforms based on intelligent microbes are promising therapeutic strategies that sustainably deliver drugs locally without causing severe systemic risks.

Methods

In this study, we have innovatively engineered a non-pathogenic, adjuvant-acting Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) that co-expresses a programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor and an interleukin-15 (IL-15) cytokine complex containing the interleukin-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα) sushi domain (Ms-PDL1scfv-IL15).

Results

We demonstrate that the fusion protein of PD-L1 inhibitor and IL-15 cytokine systemically binds mous

SUBMITTER: Mei Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12097051 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature