Deciphering the causality between micronutrients and esophageal cancer via Mendelian randomization.

ABSTRACT:

Background

There is an ongoing debate about how micronutrients influence the risk of developing esophageal cancer (EC), requiring more definitive proof to ascertain their causal relationship.

Objective

The current study seeks to identify the causal relationship between 14 micronutrients and EC through Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.

Methods

We performed a two-sample MR analysis of micronutrients in relation to EC, using five different MR methodologies, chief among them the Inverse Variance Weighted method. To ascertain the direction of causal links, Steiger filtering was applied. The study culminated in a sensitivity analysis to test the robustness of the results.

Results

In the European population, iron (OR = 0.231, 95% CI: 0.073-0.727, P = 0.012) and ma

SUBMITTER: Diao Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12100785 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature