Time-varying global energy budget since 1880 from a reconstruction of ocean warming.

ABSTRACT: The global energy budget is fundamental for understanding climate change. It states that the top-of-atmosphere imbalance between radiative forcing (which drives climate change) and radiative response (which resists the forcing) equals energy storage in Earth's heat reservoirs (i.e. the ocean, atmosphere, land, and cryosphere). About 90% of Earth's energy imbalance is stored as heat content in the ocean interior, which is poorly sampled before 1960. Here, we reconstruct Earth's energy imbalance since 1880 by inferring subsurface ocean warming from surface observations via a Green's function approach. Our estimate of Earth's energy imbalance is consistent with the current best estimates of radiative forcing and radiative response during 1880-2020. The consistency is improved in this study co

SUBMITTER: Wu Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12107093 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature