Melatonin in Glaucoma: Integrative Mechanisms of Intraocular Pressure Control and Neuroprotection.

ABSTRACT: Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible visual loss worldwide, characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and optic nerve damage. Current therapies mainly focus on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), yet fail to address pressure-independent neurodegenerative mechanisms. Melatonin, an endogenously produced indoleamine, has gained attention for its potential in modulating both IOP and neurodegeneration through diverse cellular pathways. This review evaluates the therapeutic relevance of melatonin in glaucoma by examining its mechanistic actions and emerging delivery approaches. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted via PubMed and Medline to identify studies published between 2000 and 2025 on melatonin's roles in gla

SUBMITTER: Hou X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12108883 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature