Effects of an aquatic protocol on electromyography activation and strength of lower limb muscles in blind women: A randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Visual impairment poses considerable challenges to mobility and everyday tasks, frequently leading to a more sedentary lifestyle and reduced physical fitness levels. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of a tailored aquatic exercise protocol on muscle activation and strength in visually impaired individuals.

Materials and methods

Thirty women who were blind (mean age = 29.03 ± 2.20 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental (EX) group and a control (CO) group. The EX group participated in three weekly 60-minute aquatic sessions, while the CO group maintained regular activities. Electromyography (EMG) activation and onset time were measured in the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris. Muscle strength was also a

SUBMITTER: Salari A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12111718 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature