AMH regulates granulosa cell function via ESR2/ p38-MAPK signaling pathway in sheep.

ABSTRACT: Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), secreted by granulosa cells (GCs) of preantral follicles, regulates early-stage follicle growth by inhibiting the activation of primordial follicles. While GCs facilitate follicle development and ovulation through estrogen and progesterone secretion, the role of AMH in sheep GCs and its impact on follicle development remains unclear. Here, we show that exogenous AMH inhibits primordial follicle development utilizing in vitro culture of fetal sheep ovarian cortex model. Knockdown of AMH in sheep GCs increases cell proliferation, decreases apoptosis, and elevates estradiol (E2) secretion, while overexpression has the opposite effects. RNA-seq analysis suggests that AMH modulates genes involved in cell cycle regulation and MAPK signaling. Notably, AMH downregulat

SUBMITTER: Xu H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12122670 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature