Single-cell analyses identify monocyte gene expression profiles that influence HIV-1 reservoir size in acutely treated cohorts.

ABSTRACT: Eliminating latent HIV-1 is a major goal of AIDS research but host factors determining the size of these reservoirs are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of host gene expression on HIV-1 reservoir size during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Peripheral blood cells of fourteen males initiating ART during acute infection and demonstrating effective viral suppression but varying magnitudes of total HIV-1 DNA were characterized by single-cell RNA sequencing. Differential expression analysis demonstrates increased CD14+ monocyte activity in participants having undetectable HIV-1 reservoirs, with IL1B expression inversely associating with reservoir size. This is validated in another cohort of 38 males comprised of different ancestry and HIV-1 subtypes, and with intact pro

SUBMITTER: Ehrenberg PK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12122806 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature