Remapping the spatial distribution of neutralizing sites and their immunodominance on the capsid of different topotypes of FMDV serotype O by site-directed competitive ELISA for detection of neutralizing antibodies.

ABSTRACT: The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O contains at least five neutralizing antigenic sites, yet the structural relationship and antibody abundance remain poorly characterized. This study identifies six distinct neutralizing antigenic sites by evaluating 27 host-derived neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). These sites include the VP1 G-H loop, VP1 C-terminus, site 2, site 4, site 6, and site 7. Notably, classical sites 1 and 5 were reclassified into the VP1 G-H loop and VP1 C-terminus classes. Sites 2 and 4 align with classical classifications, targeting independent epitopes on VP2 and VP3, respectively. We identified two novel sites: site 6, which involves extensive interactions with the G-H loop, C-terminus of VP1 and VP3

SUBMITTER: Zhao Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12131818 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature