The potential role of biomarkers CD28 and PF4 in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and their impact on the prognosis: an immune microenvironment analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study aims to identify and investigate biomarkers associated with mitochondrial-related genes (MRGs) and programmed cell death-related genes (PCDRGs) that concurrently influence the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and to explore the underlying biological mechanisms involved.

Methods

The GSE28042 and GSE27957 datasets, comprising 1,136 MRGs and 1,548 PCDRGs, were utilized in this study. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the IPF and control groups were initially identified through differential expression analysis. Subsequently, key module genes closely associated with IPF samples were selected using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Intersection genes 1 and 2 were then identified by overlapping DEGs with key mo

SUBMITTER: Yan L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12144798 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature