M2 Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Vehicles-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid-Alginate Hydrogel for Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Osteoarthritis (OA), a high-prevalence degenerative cartilage disease, urgently requires novel therapeutic strategies. M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-Exo) demonstrate therapeutic potential for OA, though their regulatory mechanisms in chondrocyte-macrophage (Mφ) interactions remain to be elucidated. To investigate the regulatory effects of M2-Exo on chondrocytes and Mφ in vitro, and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the M2-Exo-loaded hydrogel system (ALG-M2Exo) on cartilage damage in a rat OA model.

Methods

In the cell experiment, M2-Exo were extracted and characterized using ultracentrifugation. Different concentrations of M2-Exo were co-cultured with inflammatory chondrocytes or M1Mφ to evaluate their direct anti-inflammatory effects and the ability to pr

SUBMITTER: Zhang W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12146116 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature