Limited clonality but widespread plasmid sharing of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> between humans and the environment of northeastern Slovenia.

ABSTRACT: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli is a critical antimicrobial-resistant pathogen. While well-studied in humans and animals, its presence in the environment remains underexplored. This study analyses the genotypes and plasmid composition of ESBL-producing E. coli from human and environmental sources in Northeastern Slovenia. Freshwater and sediment samples were collected bimonthly during one year at ten sites, including rivers, lakes, and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influents. Human isolates were collected during the same period and geographic area. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were conducted to evaluate genetic relatedness, antimicrobial resistance genes, and plasmid composition. Among 414 sequenced isolates (230 hu

SUBMITTER: Maric L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12158563 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature