Effects of Bisphenol A and Retinoic Acid Exposure on Neuron and Brain Formation: A Study in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Zebrafish Embryos.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Developing human fetuses may be exposed to the chemical compound bisphenol A (BPA), and retinoic acid (RA) has been detected at low levels in water sources. RA signaling regulates key developmental genes and is essential for organ development, including the brain. We previously reported that RA/BPA coexposure of mouse embryonic stem cells potentiates RA signaling, which warrants further investigation.

Objective

This study was undertaken in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and zebrafish embryos to investigate whether coexposure to BPA and exogenous RA could potentiate HOX gene expression and exert pleiotropic effects on RA signaling.

Methods

Human iPSCs and zebrafish embryos were exposed to exogenous RA (0, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 100, 200 or 500 n

SUBMITTER: Nishie T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12165739 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature