Efficacy and safety of HBM4003 combined with toripalimab in refractory neuroendocrine neoplasms: a multicenter, phase II study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

High-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) have limited treatment options following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, often resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Dual immune checkpoint blockade targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 offers a synergistic approach by enhancing T-cell activation and amplifying anti-tumor immune responses. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of HBM4003, a novel fully human anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody, in combination with toripalimab, a PD-1 inhibitor, in patients with high-grade, refractory NENs.

Methods

This multicenter, open-label, phase II study enrolled patients with neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), grade 3 NETs (NETs G3), and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) who had progressed on first-line therapy

SUBMITTER: Zhang P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12167461 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature