Biologically targeted dual adaptive and innate nano-Immunotherapy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma treatment.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Immunotherapy treatments have significantly improved metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment outcomes. Despite recent advancements, the rates of durable response to immunotherapy remain low, and the toxicity profiles of treatment continue to be high. To address these challenges, we report the development of a human carbonic anhydrase-IX (hCA-9)-targeted multifunctional immunotherapy nanoparticles (MINPs) aimed at improving treatment efficacy and reducing toxicity. We hypothesized that these MINPs will facilitate the recognition and elimination of hCA-9-expressing tumor cells by both adaptive immune cells (cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells) and innate immune cells (natural killer (NK) cells).

Methods

Non-targeted and hCA-9-targeted MINPs were prepared by co

SUBMITTER: Au KM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12175395 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature