TENS alone or combined with low-level laser therapy photobiomodulation for pain, functional capacity, and cardiorespiratory physiological variables after cesarean section: protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Women undergoing cesarean section frequently report postpartum pain from the surgical procedure, which may be related to functional mobility and cardiorespiratory physiological variables. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) photobiomodulation are electrophysical agents used for analgesic purposes in post-cesarean. However, the combined effect of these interventions and their impact on functional performance and cardiorespiratory physiological variables in this population is not known. This study aims to evaluate the effect of TENS combined with LLLT photobiomodulation on pain, functional performance, and behavior of cardiorespiratory variables and compare it with the effects of TENS alone in women during postpartum afte

SUBMITTER: de Holanda Araujo Sena AMP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12180720 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature