Integrative Molecular and Immune Profiling in Advanced Unresectable Melanoma: Tumor Microenvironment and Peripheral PD-1+ CD4+ Effector Memory T-Cells as Potential Markers of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized advanced melanoma treatment, yet many patients fail to achieve sustained clinical benefit. Several biomarkers, including tumor microenvironment (TME) signature, PD-1/PD-L1 expression, and IFN-γ signaling, have been proposed. However, robust predictive markers remain elusive. This study aimed to identify molecular markers of response by analyzing tumor and peripheral immune signatures. Methods: This study analyzed 21 advanced melanoma patients treated with ICIs. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors underwent RNA-sequencing targeting 1392 immuno-oncology probes. Genes significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) by log-rank test underwent hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). D

SUBMITTER: Molina-Garcia M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12190280 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature