Antimicrobial and Anti-Efflux Machinery of FDA-Approved Proton Pump Inhibitors and Vitamins Against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The efflux system is one of the resistance mechanisms that bacteria use to reduce the effectiveness of antibiotics, leading to the development of multidrug resistance. To evaluate other treatment choices, esomeprazole (ESO), omeprazole (OME), pantoprazole (PAN), vitamin D (VD), and vitamin K (VK) were tested for potential efflux pump (EP)-inhibiting activity.

Methods

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the tested drugs were determined against K. pneumoniae ATCC 51503 and P. aeruginosa PAO1. Quantitative estimation of the EP-inhibiting activity of the tested medications was phenotypically investigated with a semi-automated fluorometric system and genotypically confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were confirmed t

SUBMITTER: Lutfi LL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12195029 | biostudies-literature | 2025 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature