Impact of Virtual Reality-Based Biofeedback on Sleep Quality Among Individuals With Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety Symptoms, or Both: 4-Week Randomized Controlled Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Use of virtual reality (VR)-based biofeedback (BF) represents an emerging nonpharmacological intervention for enhancing sleep quality in individuals exhibiting depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, or both. However, empirical evidence regarding its efficacy in addressing sleep disturbances remains limited and inconclusive.

Objective

This 3-arm randomized controlled trial aimed (1) to compare the efficacy of VR-based BF with conventional BF in improving sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), among individuals with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, or both (DAS); (2) to examine the effects of VR-based BF in a demographically similar healthy control (HC) group; and (3) to evaluate between-group differences in sleep quality impr

SUBMITTER: Seong S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12204043 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature