Heavy metal distribution and ecological risk in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea.

ABSTRACT: Heavy metal contamination in marine sediments poses significant ecological risks, particularly in semi-enclosed seas like the Bohai Sea, where limited water exchange exacerbates pollution retention. Heavy metals are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic, making their assessment crucial for environmental management. This study investigated the spatial distribution, seasonal dynamics, and potential ecological risks of heavy metal contamination in the central Bohai Sea, with an emphasis on regulatory interventions and anthropogenic influences. The annual average concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg and As in surface sediments were 15.951, 32.556, 15.234, 0.250, 0.028 and 2.628 mg/kg, respectively, all below China's Class I Marine Sediment Quality Standards. Seasonal variations revealed peak

SUBMITTER: Li S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12204586 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature