Alpha-1 antitrypsin modulates neutrophil phenotype and function: implications for inflammatory regulation.

ABSTRACT: Alpha-1 antitrypsin, the most abundant protease inhibitor within the plasma, plays a crucial role in regulating neutrophils' function during inflammation. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is associated with excessive neutrophilic inflammation, yet the mechanisms underlying alpha-1 antitrypsin's role in neutrophil trafficking remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate alpha-1 antitrypsin is essential for maintaining neutrophil polarity, directional migration, and tissue infiltration during inflammation. Using alpha-1 antitrypsin-knockout mice, we found these mice present increased numbers of neutrophils in the bone marrow, impaired mobilization, and reduced liver neutrophil infiltration following lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry rev

SUBMITTER: Oshins R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12210240 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature